Exploring MXene ‐Polymer Composites for Mechanical, Tribological, and EMI Shielding Applications

Abstract

ABSTRACT MXenes, a novel class of 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, have garnered extensive interest due to their unique mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. MXenes synthesized by selective etching of MAX phases possess tuneable surface chemistries that enable diverse functional applications. This review focuses on the fabrication and strengthening mechanisms of MXene‐polymer composites, emphasizing their mechanical reinforcement, wear resistance, and EMI shielding capabilities. Integrating MXenes into polymer matrices, both thermoset and thermoplastic, has demonstrated significant enhancements in electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and thermal stability. The mechanisms governing the improvement in mechanical, tribology, and EMI shielding properties are critically examined. MXene‐polymer nanocomposites exhibit substantial promise for advanced applications such as high‐performance EMI shielding materials, flexible electronics, and lightweight structural materials. This review delivers a comprehensive outline of the fabrication techniques, surface modifications, and functional properties of MXene‐polymer composites, with a particular focus on mechanical, tribological, and EMI shielding performances. Future perspectives are also discussed, highlighting the potential of MXenes in advanced polymer systems and identifying key research gaps that need to be addressed to optimize MXene‐polymer nanocomposites for industrial applications.