Antimicrobial activity of sungkai leaf extract (Peronema canescens Jack.) and antioxidants

Abstract

Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.) is a plant that has straight or slightly curved stems, no buttresses, and branches covered with fine hairs. Sungkai (P. canescens) is one of the many medicinal plants that grow in Indonesia and is widely used, the part that is commonly used is the leaves, where the leaves of Sungkai (P. canescens) have been widely known as a cure for several diseases such as malaria, high fever and for maintaining health. Research on the antimicrobial potential of sungkai leaf extract (P. canescens) and its antioxidant activity was carried out from April to August 2022. This study used the 2-factor Nested pattern experimental method. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity, determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) as well as determine the antioxidant activity of the fresh treatment, fresh infusion, dry infusion, dry infusion plus lime and dried decoction of sungkai leaves (P. canescens). The test microbes used in this study ware Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The research results showed that sungkai leaf extract (P. canescens) could inhibit the growth of the tested microbes S. aureus and E. coli by producing significantly different inhibition zones and for the tested microbes C. albicans swere significantly different. MIC of fresh sungkai for S. aureus 25% and 50% E. coli. The highest antioxidant activity value was found in fresh samples with an IC50 value of 98.02 µg/mL which was classified as strong and the highest polyphenols in fresh treatment were 76.73 (mgGAE/G).