主体教育理论对幼儿主体教育的启示

Abstract

学生是教育的主体，教师在教学过程中起着主导作用。幼儿主体性是指幼儿在参与各项活动中所表现出来的自主性、能动性、创造性和选择性，而学龄阶段是儿童个性形成的关键时期，关注幼儿的成长，培养幼儿健全的人格以及促进幼儿主体性的发展具有重要意义。主体教育理论是以马克思主义为指导，旨在促进“人的自由而全面发展”，具有一定的时代精神和中国特色。本研究基于儿童视角对主体教育理论进行梳理，分析当前幼儿主体教育存在的问题，以及在幼儿教育活动中幼儿主体性遮蔽的原因，从而为幼儿期进行主体教育提供建议和对策。 The Professional Standards for Kindergarten Teachers' basic concepts are child-centered, teacher ethics, competency-based, and lifelong learning. The development of these concepts is critical for enhancing the professionalism of early childhood teachers. This study compares professional standards, similarities, and differences in structure and dimensions among kindergarten teachers in various countries. China, the United States, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand were compared to learn from and gain insights into how to promote professional development and enhance the professionalism of Chinese kindergarten teachers.