High Aperture Efficiency Low Profile Luneburg Lens Antenna

Abstract

A new type of Luneburg lens is proposed. Based on transformation optics, the traditional spherical Luneburg lens is transformed into an ellipsoidal Luneburg lens, and the lens profile is reduced. Then, according to the propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic field inside the lens, the ellipsoidal lens is cut to improve the aperture efficiency of the lens antenna. Through the CST full-wave simulation, at 24 GHz operating frequency, the aperture efficiency of the lens antenna reaches 60%, and the scanning loss is less than 2dBi in the scanning range of 15 degrees in azimuth.