Exploiting multicast messages in cache-coherence protocols for NoC-based MPSoCs

Abstract

MPSoCs are largely used in embedded systems, allowing the design of complex systems within short time-to-market. The shift in the communication infrastructure, from buses to networks-on-chip (NoCs), adds new design challenges. Standard directory-based cache coherence protocols represent a performance bottleneck due to number of transactions in the network, reducing performance and increasing the energy consumption. State-of-the-art works investigate new protocols, at abstract levels (e.g. TLM), to optimize the performance of the memory organization. Differently from previous works, we investigate the benefits NoCs can bring to directory-based cache coherence protocols using RTL modeling. The main functionality NoCs may provide for the protocols is the way messages are sent through the network. Most NoCs support multicast as a set of unicast messages. Such method is not suitable for cache coherence protocols, because transactions as block invalidate and block update are naturally multicast. This work proposes the use of multicast messages to reduce the number of transactions to improve the performance of cache coherence protocols in NoC-based MPSoCs. Results show that performance of some transactions is improved up to 32% when using multicast messages.