A Systematic Review of Environmental Education Practices in Philippine Secondary High School in Science Classrooms

Abstract

This systematic review examined environmental education practices in Philippine secondary high school in science classrooms from 2019 to 2025. From 54 identified studies, 10 met the inclusion criteria. The review analyzed teaching strategies, student outcomes, challenges, and gaps in implementation. Results show that environmental education improves students’ awareness and attitudes, while behavioral changes are present but less consistent due to limited school support and inconsistent program implementation. Common strategies include experiential activities, project-based tasks, and context-based lessons, although many teachers still rely on lectures because of limited time, resources, and training. Major challenges include lack of materials, fragmented curriculum integration, and a persistent knowledge, practice gap. Overall, the findings highlight the need for more hands-on, well-supported school programs to strengthen students’ long-term environmental behaviors.