COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY (OCT) PARAMETERS IN DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA

Abstract

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of visual impairment among patients with diabetic retinopathy and remains a major global health concern. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has revolutionized the understanding and management of DME by providing high-resolution, quantitative, and non-invasive visualization of retinal microstructures. This study presents a comparative analysis of OCT parameters in patients with varying types and severities of DME. By evaluating central retinal thickness (CRT), macular volume (MV), and retinal layer morphology across different clinical subgroups, the research highlights correlations between OCT-derived metrics and visual acuity outcomes. The findings indicate that specific OCT biomarkers, including hyperreflective foci, disorganization of the retinal inner layers (DRIL), and subretinal fluid accumulation, serve as significant predictors of functional prognosis. The study emphasizes the clinical importance of quantitative OCT monitoring in guiding individualized therapeutic approaches and improving long-term visual outcomes in diabetic patients.