JOURNAL ARTICLE

Asociación entre esteatosis hepática y el índice de masa corporal

Calderón Ortiz, MarielaCanaán Pérez, DanielSilva Casiano, Roberto

Year: 2025 Journal:   Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)   Publisher: European Organization for Nuclear Research

Abstract

Resumen La esteatosis hepática no alcohólica (EHNA) es una patología crónica que puede diagnosticarse mediante ultrasonido y suele asociarse con otras enfermedades metabólicas. El índice de masa corporal (IMC) es un parámetro universal para la evaluación de la obesidad que puede estar relacionado con el grado de esteatosis hepática. Se realizó un estudio transversal en el servicio de imagenología de un hospital de segundo nivel en la ciudad de Puebla. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años a quienes se les realizó ultrasonido de hígado; posteriormente se obtuvieron peso y talla para determinar el IMC. Los resultados se expresaron con estadística descriptiva, prueba exacta de Fisher y valor de significancia de 0.05. Se Incluyeron 196 pacientes, de los cuales 138 (70.4%) presentaron alteración en el IMC; 107 (54.6%) tuvieron sobrepeso y 31 (15.8%) obesidad grado 1. Del total, 114 (58%) presentaron EHNA, siendo más frecuente el grado leve-moderado en pacientes con sobrepeso y el grado severo en aquellos con obesidad grado I. La prueba exacta de Fisher arrojó un valor de p < 0.001. Se observó una asociación significativa entre el grado de EHNA y el IMC, especialmente en valores superiores a 25 kg/m². Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic condition that can be diagnosed by ultrasound and is commonly associated with other metabolic diseases. Body mass index (BMI) is a universal parameter for evaluating obesity, which may be related to the degree of hepatic steatosis. A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, single-center study was conducted in the Radiology Department of a General Hospital in Puebla City. A total of 196 patients over 18 years old were included. All underwent liver ultrasound, followed by weight and height measurement to determine BMI. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test, and a significance level of 0.05. Of the total sample, 70.4% had altered BMI, with 54.6% being overweight and 15.8% classified as grade I obesity. NAFLD was present in 58% of patients, with mild to moderate cases being more common among overweight patients and severe cases among those with grade I obesity. Fisher’s exact test yielded a p-value < 0.001. A significant association was observed between NAFLD grade and BMI, particularly when BMI exceeded 25 kg/m².

Keywords:
Ultrasonography University hospital Body weight Body mass index

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