Broadly Tunable Atmospheric\nWater Harvesting in Multivariate\nMetal–Organic Frameworks

Abstract

Development of multivariate metal–organic\nframeworks\n(MOFs)\nas derivatives of the state-of-art water-harvesting material MOF-303\n{[Al­(OH)­(PZDC)], where PZDC^2– is 1<i>H</i>-pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylate} was shown to be a powerful tool to generate\nefficient water sorbents tailored to a given environmental condition.\nHerein, a new multivariate MOF-303-based water-harvesting framework\nseries from readily available reactants is developed. The resulting\nMOFs exhibit a larger degree of tunability in the operational relative\nhumidity range (16%), regeneration temperature (14 °C), and desorption\nenthalpy (5 kJ mol^–1) than reported previously.\nAdditionally, a high-yielding (≥90%) and scalable (∼3.5\nkg) synthesis is demonstrated in water and with excellent space-time\nyields, without compromising framework crystallinity, porosity, and\nwater-harvesting performance.