Highly\nEfficient Flexible Perovskite Light-Emitting\nDiodes Using the Modified PEDOT:PSS Hole Transport Layer and Polymer–Silver\nNanowire Composite Electrode

Abstract

Metal\nhalide perovskites have been actively studied as promising\nmaterials in optoelectronic devices because of their superior optical\nand electrical properties and have also shown considerable potential\nfor flexible devices because of their good mechanical properties.\nHowever, the large hole injection barrier and exciton quenching between\nthe perovskite emitter and poly­(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly-styrene\nsulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) can lead to the reduction in device efficiency.\nHere, a nonconductive fluorosurfactant, Zonyl FS-300 (Zonyl), is introduced\ninto the PEDOT:PSS hole transport layer, which reduces the hole injection\nbarrier and exciton quenching at the PEDOT:PSS/perovskite interface.\nMoreover, a flexible perovskite light-emitting diode with a polymer–silver\nnanowire composite electrode is demonstrated, showing a maximum current\nefficiency (CE_max) of 17.90 cd A^–1, and\nthis is maintained even after 1000 cycles of bending with a 2.5 mm\nbending radius.