N‑Doped Carbon Fibers with Embedded ZnFe and\nFe₃C Nanoparticles for Microwave Absorption

Abstract

Microwave\nabsorbing materials (MAMs) play a vital role in the field\nof electromagnetic wave pollution protection. Herein, multiple interfacial\nZnFe/Fe₃C@C porous nanofibers as a microwave absorber were\nprepared by electrospinning and subsequent thermal treatment. The\nelaborately designed ingredients and porous feature of the structure\nintroduce good impedance matching. The multiple interfacial heterojunction\nstructure and the self-doping of nitrogen atoms of the proposed carbon-based\nmagnetic fibers promote dielectric polarization relaxation. Moreover,\nthe attenuation capacity and impedance matching can be adjusted by\nthe carbothermal temperature. The obtained composites exhibit excellent\nmicrowave absorption performance, which possess a minimum reflection\nloss of −33.57 dB at 13.92 GHz and an effective absorption\nbandwidth (RL < −10 dB) of 4.16 GHz. These favorable characteristics\nand excellent performance of ZnFe/Fe₃C@C porous nanofibers\ncan promote the development of an efficient, lightweight microwave\nabsorber.