Copper(II)-Incorporated\nPorphyrin-Based Porous Organic\nPolymer for a Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Glucose Sensor

Abstract

To date, the fabrication of multifunctional nanoplatforms\nbased\non a porous organic polymer for electrochemical sensing of biorelevant\nmolecules has received considerable attention in the search for a\nmore active, robust, and sensitive electrocatalyst. Here, in this\nreport, we have developed a new porous organic polymer based on porphyrin\n(TEG-POR) from a polycondensation reaction between a triethylene glycol-linked\ndialdehyde and pyrrole. The Cu(II) complex of the polymer Cu-TEG-POR\nshows high sensitivity and a low detection limit for glucose electro-oxidation\nin an alkaline medium. The characterization of the as-synthesized\npolymer was done by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron\nmicroscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier\ntransform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and ¹³C CP-MAS\nsolid-state NMR. The N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherm\nwas carried out at 77 K to analyze the porous property. TEG-POR and\nCu-TEG-POR both show excellent thermal stability. The Cu-TEG-POR-modified\nGC electrode shows a low detection limit (LOD) value of 0.9 μM\nand a wide linear range (0.001–1.3 mM) with a sensitivity of\n415.8 μA mM^–1 cm^–2 toward\nelectrochemical glucose sensing. The interference of the modified\nelectrode from ascorbic acid, dopamine, NaCl, uric acid, fructose,\nsucrose, and cysteine was insignificant. Cu-TEG-POR exhibits acceptable\nrecovery for blood glucose detection (97.25–104%), suggesting\nits scope in the future for selective and sensitive nonenzymatic glucose\ndetection in human blood.