SnO₂@C@VO₂ Composite Hollow Nanospheres as an Anode\nMaterial for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Porous\nSnO₂@C@VO₂ composite hollow nanospheres were\ningeniously constructed through the combination of layer-by-layer\ndeposition and redox reaction. Moreover, to optimize the electrochemical\nproperties, SnO₂@C@VO₂ composite hollow nanospheres\nwith different contents of the external VO₂ were also studied.\nOn the one hand, the elastic and conductive carbon as interlayer in\nthe SnO₂@C@VO₂ composite can not only buffer\nthe huge volume variation during repetitive cycling but also effectively\nimprove electronic conductivity and enhance the utilizing rate of\nSnO₂ and VO₂ with high theoretical capacity.\nOn the other hand, hollow nanostructures of the composite can be consolidated\nby the multilayered nanocomponents, resulting in outstanding cyclic\nstability. In virtue of the above synergetic contribution from individual\ncomponents, SnO₂@C@VO₂ composite hollow nanospheres\nexhibit a large initial discharge capacity (1305.6 mAhg^–1) and outstanding cyclic stability (765.1 mAhg^–1 after 100 cycles). This design of composite hollow nanospheres may\nbe extended to the synthesis of other nanomaterials for electrochemical\nenergy storage.