ハイデッガーに於ける「存在」と「無」の問題

Abstract

The uniqueness of the problem of "Being" (Sein) in Heidegger is concentrated in the point that the question : "Why is there any Being (Seiendes) at all----why not rather Nothing ?" is to introduce the very problem of Being. We are to inquire first of "Nothing, " and not of "Being", just because we have to think that "the unfathomable and unmanifest essence of Being is vouchsafed us by Nothing". Being is something which we can never make an "object" in any sense of the word as against the "subject", and which, moreover, in so far as we remain "subjects" against mere "objects", has already been abandoned for that very reason. But the overwhelming power of the negligence of this "Being"----the subjest-object-ism in the modern thought----seems to have reached its limit, and we are all experiencing everywhere the "dread" (Angst) for "Nothing", for we are now feeling that the whole world, having lost the brilliance of "Being", is being, so to say, reduced to fading shadows, receding and slipping away from our grips, so that we have nothing to hold on left for us. Really, however, it is in this "dread" for "Nothing, it is to be noted, that" Waht-is-in-totality" (Seiendes im Ganzen) seems to appear for the first time in its own "Being", not as "object" in whatsoever sense of the word as against the "subject". In brief, "Nothing" leads to the original "overtness" (Offenheit) of the neglected "Being", so that "Nothing", I dare say, is nothing but "Being" itself under a certain limited situation.