Ternary Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ /MoS ₂ /CNT- Heterostructure as a High-performance Supercapacitor Electrode Material

Abstract

Flexible and high-performance supercapacitors are emerging as pivotal components in next-generation energy storage systems. In this work, a novel ternary Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 /MoS 2 /CNT (CZTS/MoS 2 /CNT) heterostructure was synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal method and systematically evaluated for its electrochemical performance. Structural and morphological analyses (XRD, Raman, SEM, and TEM) confirmed the formation of a well-integrated heterostructure with uniform anchoring of CZTS and MoS 2 nanoparticles on conductive CNT networks, fostering enhanced charge transport and ion diffusion. The ternary composite exhibited an impressive specific capacitance of 273.2 F g −1 at 1.25 A g −1 , significantly outperforming pristine CZTS (141.9 F g −1 ) and binary CZTS/MoS 2 (154.8 F g −1 ). Furthermore, it demonstrated exceptional energy and power densities of 97.13 Wh kg −1 and 1.076 kW kg −1 , respectively, along with 98% capacitance retention over 1000 cycles. The superior performance arises from the synergistic interplay of MoS 2 ’s redox-active surfaces and CNT’s high electrical conductivity, which together enhance electrochemical reversibility and mechanical robustness. This facile, scalable, and eco-friendly synthesis approach underscores the CZTS/MoS 2 /CNT heterostructure as a promising electrode material for flexible and sustainable supercapacitor applications.