Protection of Critical Digital Infrastructure

Abstract

This chapter provides a comprehensive examination of the cybersecurity threats facing critical digital infrastructure systems in an era of rapid digital transformation. Focusing on three essential sectors—energy, water, and financial systems—the analysis reveals how cyber attackers exploit vulnerabilities in these infrastructures, posing significant risks to economic stability, public safety, and national security. The increasing interconnectivity of critical systems, while improving efficiency and accessibility, has also expanded the attack surface for malicious actors, ranging from state-sponsored hackers to criminal organizations.