Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles for Visible-light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

Abstract

Cobalt oxide (Co₃O₄) nanoparticles were synthesized using a hydrothermal method, providing a simple and efficient route to obtain highly crystalline nanomaterials. The structural and optical properties of the nanoparticles were confirmed through various characterization techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL). XRD analysis revealed that the Co₃O₄ nanoparticles had a cubic spinel structure with an average crystallite size of 64.86 nm. FTIR measurements provided insights into the chemical bonding, showing prominent metal-oxygen stretching and bending vibrations. Optical analysis using UV-Vis spectra and PL studies demonstrated the material's ability to absorb light, with significant absorption around 265 nm and a UV emission peak at 335 nm. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye under visible light irradiation was tested, with Co₃O₄ showing a degradation efficiency of 60%. These results highlight the potential of Co₃O₄ nanoparticles for environmental applications, particularly in wastewater treatment, where efficient dye removal under visible light is critical. The hydrothermal synthesis method and excellent photocatalytic performance of Co₃O₄ nanoparticles suggest their promising role in future photocatalytic applications.