Metaphor Analysis of Pre-Service Early Childhood Teachers' Experiences of Childhood Outdoor Play

Abstract

Objectives This study explored pre-service early childhood teachers' perceptions of outdoor play during childhood through metaphor analysis. Methods For this purpose, a metaphor expression questionnaire was developed and administered to 134 pre-service early childhood teachers enrolled in early childhood education programs at community colleges lo cated in City P and City G. The collected responses were categorized, and frequency and percentage were calculated. Results The metaphorical expressions of pre-service early childhood teachers regarding outdoor play during childhood were classified into 98 expressions and 8 themes, which were further categorized into four groups: “A Time for Growth Through Experience,” “A Time for Awakening Emotions,” “A Time That Remains in Memory,” and “A Time Associated with Play and Playgrounds.” The analysis of these metaphorical expressions revealed the following findings: First, pre-service early childhood teachers perceived childhood outdoor play as a time for growth through experi ence and recognized it as an essential factor in development. Second, they regarded childhood outdoor play as a valuable time that evoked positive emotions. Third, while most pre-service early childhood teachers associated outdoor play with positive memories, a few perceived it as a negative experience, recalling feelings of boredom or the frustration of playtime ending too soon. Fourth, childhood outdoor play was remembered by young children as a type of play, a way to satisfy curiosity, an opportunity to release energy in nature, and as a playground—an environment where they could explore new worlds with friends. Conclusions The significance of this study lies in identifying the importance and value of outdoor play in the mem ories of pre-service early childhood teachers through metaphor analysis. The findings can serve as foundational data for incorporating outdoor play into teacher education programs for pre-service early childhood educators.