Nanomaterial-incorporated Electrochemical Sensors to Determine Heavy Metal Ions

Abstract

Heavy metals, often known as HMs, are a substantial source of environmental pollution, resulting in considerable harm to both the environment and human well-being. In order to address this issue, there is a requirement for a prompt, effective, responsive, and user-friendly technique to identify these ions. Nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors have benefits such as fast detection speed, enhanced sensitivity, particular identification capability, and robustness against hazardous HMs. This chapter explores sensing devices for HM ions through the incorporation of various forms of nanomaterials. It covers the production methods and analytical capabilities of carbon-associated, metal, and metal oxide nanomaterials. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the use of these techniques in actual samples and investigates their potential for future advancements in this field, aiming to comprehend their practicality and effectiveness.