Progress in Wearable Bionic Sensors for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Abstract With the continuous advancements in flexible electronics and the growing emphasis on personal health, wearable sensing systems for biomedical applications have garnered significant attention. Wearable sensors with bionic inspired microstructures have emerged as an effective strategy for enabling innovative designs and optimizing performance. These wearable bionic sensors not only exhibit high sensitivity and biocompatibility but also feature unique additional properties, such as self‐healing properties, hydrophobicity, and adhesiveness, offering substantial advantages over traditional flexible sensors. Consequently, they enable efficient detection and monitoring of various health signals in daily life. This review systematically introduces the common materials utilized in the fabrication of wearable bionic sensors, including polymers for flexible substrates, active materials for sensing layers, and conductive materials for electrodes. Subsequently, various types of bionic structures for enhancing sensors’ mechanical and electronic properties are discussed. Additionally, recent advancements in the bionic sensors for biomedical applications are presented. Ultimately, the challenges and future directions in this field are critically analyzed.