Recent Advances in Vanadium‐Based Cathode Materials for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries: from Fundamentals to Practical Applications

Abstract

Abstract In recent years, aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) have become an ideal candidate technology for large‐scale energy storage systems due to their high safety, low cost, and environmentally friendly characteristics. However, problems such as the dissolution of cathode materials and low conductivity have hindered the practical application of AZIBs. Vanadium‐based cathode materials exhibit significant advantages in AZIBs by their multivalent redox activity (V 2+ /V 5+ ), tunable layered/tunneled crystal structure, and high theoretical capacity (589 mAh g −1 ). In this paper, the energy storage mechanism of vanadium‐based cathode materials, material classification, and their modification strategies, including pre‐intercalation, defect engineering, ion doping, nanostructure design, and composite construction are systematically reviewed. Through these in‐depth analyses and summaries, it is expected to provide guidance and reference for the design and development of cathodes for high‐performance zinc‐ion batteries in the future.