Indicadores de Posición Socioeconómica y Salud Mental en Adolescentes Chilenos

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of various socioeconomic position (SEP) indicators on positive mental health (PMH) and negative mental health (NMH) among Chilean adolescents, using the Social Determinants of Health (SDH) models and the dual-factor model of mental health. The research adopted a non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational-explanatory design. The sample consisted of 425 adolescents from northern Chile. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Family Affluence Scale II (FAS-II) were used to measure SEP indicators, and the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21) to measure PMH and NMH, respectively. The results showed that family affluence and gender significantly impact PMH and NMH. Additionally, being a migrant adolescent correlates with better PMH and lower NMH. The educational levels of parents and ethnicity showed no significant effects. These findings contribute to the understanding of adolescent mental health in Chile from the perspective of social determinants and suggest the importance of adopting a multidimensional approach to develop effective policies and interventions that improve the mental health of this population.