Morphological, thermal, optical, and electronic characteristics of PVA/PVP filled WO ₃ nanocomposites

Abstract

PVA/PVP filled Tungsten oxide (WO 3 ) nanoparticles hybrid polymer nanocomposites are fabricated using a simple solution casting technique. The XRD, FTIR, and SEM images signify the effective incorporation of WO 3 nanoparticles (NPs) in the PVA/PVP mix host matrix. PXRD study indicated that the incorporation of WO 3 nanoparticle concentrations up to 3 wt. percent in the host matrix mix upsurges the crystallinity of the polymer nanocomposites. FTIR spectroscopy confirms the existence of intermolecular hydrogen bond formation amongst nanoparticles and the PVA/PVP matrix. SEM analysis demonstrates the WO 3 nanoparticles were evenly distributed in the PVA/PVP mix matrix. The tangent loss curve's characteristics for different WO 3 doping concentrations indicate that PVP-PVA/(x)WO 3 nanocomposites represent both relaxations and non-relaxation dipoles. The tangent loss has a relatively steady value above 0.1 MHz, with a minimal value of 0.09208 at x = 3 wt% loading concentration. The result suggests that the nanocomposite functions as a substance with no loss. The capacitance (Cp) among two electrodes on the bottom and top sides of the nanocomposites was evaluated at pressures varying from 80 to 200 bar to explore the application of the pressure sensor. Thermal evaporation of PVA/PVP:WO 3 nanocomposites yielded the changing oxygen vacancy percentage as the WO3 level rose. The moisture-resistant performance of PVA/PVP: WO 3 nanocomposites ranged from negative to positive. The PVA/PVP:WO 3 nanocomposites has shown its significance in fabricating material for optoelectronic devices including humidity sensors. The nanocomposite for x = 3 wt% is thermally stable in all test ranges up to 890 °C. The findings indicate that WO 3 in the produced films improved their thermal stability.