Multi-Scale Classification and Contrastive Regularization: Weakly Supervised Large-Scale 3D Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation

Abstract

With the proliferation of large-scale 3D point cloud datasets, the high cost of per-point annotation has spurred the development of weakly supervised semantic segmentation methods. Current popular research mainly focuses on single-scale classification, which fails to address the significant feature scale differences between background and objects in large scenes. Therefore, we propose MCCR (Multi-scale Classification and Contrastive Regularization), an end-to-end semantic segmentation framework for large-scale 3D scenes under weak supervision. MCCR first aggregates features and applies random downsampling to the input data. Then, it captures the local features of a random point based on multi-layer features and the input coordinates. These features are then fed into the network to obtain the initial and final prediction results, and MCCR iteratively trains the model using strategies such as contrastive learning. Notably, MCCR combines multi-scale classification with contrastive regularization to fully exploit multi-scale features and weakly labeled information. We investigate both point-level and local contrastive regularization to leverage point cloud augmentor and local semantic information and introduce a Decoupling Layer to guide the loss optimization in different spaces. Results on three popular large-scale datasets, S3DIS, SemanticKITTI and SensatUrban, demonstrate that our model achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance on large-scale outdoor datasets with only 0.1% labeled points for supervision, while maintaining strong performance on indoor datasets.