Barriers to Hydrogen Production, Storage, and Utilization

Abstract

The energy demand escalated due to rapid growth in technology and population and in the current scenario it is mostly fulfilled by fossil fuels. Energy production by fossil fuel generates lots of greenhouse gasses (Ghg) which is very harmful to environmental aspects. Renewable energy is the solution for global warming and independence in energy security as fossil fuel is not equally distributed globally. Hydrogen as a fuel may play a significant role among all renewable energy sources because others have intermittent problems. Due to high energy density Hydrogen becomes more suitable in application but it is not readily available in nature. Currently, the main source of hydrogen is fossil fuel but again it is a carbon emission issue. Much research is ongoing to enhance the technology to produce hydrogen from available feedstock in nature like water, plant material food waste, and renewable sources with lesser cost. Hydrogen having low density raises the storage and transport problem so requires a tremendous effort. In this chapter, the focus is on the production method, storage, and utilization and their relative challenges.