Dynamic Spectrum Allocation in Cognitive Radio Networks

Abstract

In cognitive radio networks, secondary users face spectrum scarcity. Cognitive radio offers a solution by enabling sharing of frequency bands to maximize spectrum utilization. This chapter explores spectrum allocation behavior, where secondary users allocate underutilized spectrum to maximize profit. Prior research suggests cooperative spectrum sharing benefits users, but real networks see selfish behavior to mitigate risks. The authors propose a dynamic duopoly game for competitive spectrum allocation. Secondary users employ bounded rationality to adapt strategies, aiming for Nash Equilibrium. One user considers competitors' past allocations to estimate future ones. The authors establish the existence and uniqueness of Nash Equilibrium, ensuring fairness. Local stability analysis of fixed points is conducted. Numerical simulations, including bifurcation diagrams, show that users integrating historical data and bounded rationality are more likely to reach Nash Equilibrium and maintain system stability.