Optimasi Random Forest dengan Genetic Algorithm dan Recursive Feature Elimination pada High Dimensional Data Stunting Samarinda

Abstract

Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem that disrupts children's growth, with long-term impacts on physical growth, cognitive development, and productivity in adulthood. In Indonesia, the prevalence of stunting is still above the WHO threshold, reaching 24.4% according to the 2021 Indonesian Nutritional Status Study (SSGI), and in Samarinda City, the prevalence reached 24.7% in 2021 with 1,402 toddlers identified as stunted. Addressing this problem requires a more structured data-driven approach to provide targeted interventions. This study uses data from the Samarinda City Health Office, encompassing 150,474 stunting data points, and involves data collection, data cleaning, feature selection, and classification model application. This study aims to improve the accuracy of stunting data classification in Samarinda City in 2023 using the Random Forest algorithm enhanced with Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) feature selection techniques and Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization. The feature selection results using RFE show that the most influential features are Weight, ZS TB/U, ZS BB/U, and BB/U. The application of RFE increased the model's average accuracy from 91.91% to 93.64%, while GA optimization further increased the average accuracy to 98.39%. The definite accuracy increased from 94.23% (baseline model) to 97.10% (with RFE) and reached 99.70% (with RFE and GA). The combination of RFE and GA has proven effective in tackling data complexity and improving the reliability of stunting predictions. This study significantly contributes to the development of machine learning techniques for high-dimensional data analysis in health and is expected to be the foundation for more effective intervention programs in addressing stunting issues in Indonesia.