Optical and Scintillation Properties of Tb-Doped Gadolinium Pyrosilicate Single Crystals

Abstract

Gadolinium pyrosilicate (GPS, Gd2Si2O7) single crystals with different doping concentrations of Tb (0.1–2.0 mol%) are successfully fabricated using the floating-zone technique. In this work, the dependence of Tb-doping concentration on the photoluminescence (PL) and scintillation properties of Tb-doped GPS (Tb:GPS) has been investigated. The PL emission contour graph shows multiple emissions, with the strongest emissions at 378 nm for 0.1% and 0.5% Tb-doping and 544 nm for 1.0% and 2.0% Tb-doping, corresponding to Tb3+ 4f-4f transitions. The PL lifetimes of the specimens range from 4.89 to 5.22 ms. The scintillation spectra exhibit comparable wavelength and intensity trends to the PL emission. The scintillation lifetimes of the specimens range from 2.41 to 3.88 ms. The Tb:GPS specimens demonstrate a relatively excessive afterglow level, with Af20 values ranging from 1640 to 7250 ppm and Af40 values ranging from 136 to 362 ppm. Using recently developed pulse height measurement for millisecond decay scintillators, under excitation at 662 keV γ-rays, the 1.0% Tb:GPS specimen exhibits the highest scintillation light yield among all other specimens at 95,600 ph/MeV, making Tb:GPS one of the highest light yield oxide scintillators.