MXene-Based Flexible and Wearable Piezoresistive Physical Sensors

Abstract

Piezoresistive sensors represent a specialized category of sensors that transform alterations in the resistance of materials caused by external pressure into electrical signals. They have found extensive utility in electronic display equipment, electronic skin, and wearable medical devices. The attractiveness of flexible and wearable piezoresistive sensors has generated considerable interest in research circles due to their uncomplicated structure, manageable preparation process, low energy consumption, straightforward signal processing, and remarkable sensitivity. Despite notable advancements in this area, numerous pressure sensors still encounter difficulties in meeting the requirements of real-world applications. Simultaneously achieving high sensitivity across a wide pressure window, integration capability, and multifunctionality poses a formidable challenge. However, MXenes, with their two-dimensional layered structure, outstanding conductivity, hydrophilicity, substantial specific surface area, and excellent mechanical flexibility, are regarded as highly competitive materials for pressure-sensing applications. They offer an alternative pathway for the advancement of flexible and wearable piezoresistive sensors. Notably, significant progress has been made by utilizing MXenes and MXene-based composites as platforms for piezoresistive physical sensors since their discovery in 2011. This chapter explores the advancements achieved to date in employing MXenes and their composites for piezoresistive physical sensor applications. Additionally, it thoroughly addresses the key challenges faced in this field and offers future perspectives for further exploration.