Vehicle Sensing and Localization in Vehicular Networks

Abstract

In this paper, we provide a review of vehicle sensing and localization in autonomous \ndriving. In autonomous driving, the significant and essential operation is accurate vehicular sensing. \nVehicular sensing is the most demanding area of vehicular communications and has many \nenvisioned applications in traffic safety and congestion avoidance. We begin by providing a brief \noverview of the Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) architecture, including its types. Additionally, \nwe delve into in-vehicle sensors and their classification. The number of sensors in cars continues to \ngrow, driven by their advantages in preventing injuries, enhancing driving performance, and \nsupporting ubiquitous applications centered around vehicle sensing. We study and compare the \ncurrent and existing techniques of localization (synchronous and asynchronous) and approaches \nfor vehicle positioning, which is used for communication-based (e.g., GPS information) and \nreflection-based (e.g., RADAR Cameras). Also, we have also reviewed the vehicle-to vehicle/infrastructure communications (V2X) with an emphasis on the 5G perspective.