Novel Two-Dimensional MBenes: Synthesis, Properties, and Energy Storage and Electrocatalytic Applications of Two-Dimensional Metal Borides

Abstract

MBenes can be understood as a novel family of two-dimensional metal borides which are sandwich-like structures analogues to MXenes, fabricated from encrusted MAB phases that have attracted enormous interest in the area of physical science with more emphasis on nanomaterials. These materials due to exhibiting various fascinating characteristics are claimed to have a promising future, specifically in the field of energy storage and electrocatalytic applications. Other applications explored so far include biotechnological applications. However, MBenes have not been broadly explored, and the research available on these materials is inadequate. Moreover, various other probable characteristics and uses are waiting to be explored. The current review is based on a clear understanding of MBenes, followed by their most appropriate and technical classification. Progress on the synthetic procedures, characteristics, and applications of MBenes for energy storage applications and electrocatalysis has also been explored. Subsequent discussions on current issues associated with experimental synthesis and hypothetical calculations along with perceptions and predictions about MBenes are provided.