Chapter 11 Porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for hydrogen storage

Abstract

The global demand for clean energy carriers and sustainable energy production is increasing day by day. Hydrogen (H2) has gained significant attention as a clean energy carrier and a sustainable energy producer with diverse applications, ranging from fuel cells to transportation. In addition, hydrogen produces only water as a by-product upon combustion while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, efficient and safe storage of hydrogen remains a significant challenge. Porous metalorganic frameworks (MOFs) have gained considerable attention as potential candidates for hydrogen storage due to their high surface area, tunable pore structures, and chemical functionalities. In this chapter, the significance of MOFs for the storage of hydrogen is discussed as also their enhanced properties. The selection of metal ions and organic ligands is addressed along with the improvement in the efficiency of the process and the effect of parameters such as pore size, surface area, temperature, and pressure toward storing hydrogen.