Prediction of Traffic Accident Severity Using machine learning algorithms

Abstract

A Comparative Study of Random Forest, Decision Tree, SVC, KNN, and Logistic Regression" addresses the critical task of predicting the severity of traffic accidents using a diverse set of machine learning algorithms.Accurate prediction of accident severity is essential for timely emergency response and the development of effective safety measures.This project systematically evaluates the performance of five widely used machine learning algorithms-Random Forest, Decision Tree, Support Vector Classifier (SVC), k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Logistic Regression-on a comprehensive dataset comprising historical traffic accident information.The study begins with the collection and preprocessing of a rich dataset, encompassing various factors such as weather conditions, road types, time of day, and other relevant parameters.Each algorithm is trained on this dataset to develop predictive models capable of assessing the severity of traffic accidents.The project systematically compares the algorithm's performance in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, providing valuable insights into their strengths and limitations.Additionally, the project investigates the importance of different features in influencing accident severity predictions.By employing feature importance analysis, the study identifies key variables that significantly impact the accuracy of severity predictions across the evaluated algorithms.The comparative analysis aims to guide stakeholders, including traffic management authorities and emergency services, in selecting the most suitable algorithm for their specific needs.The results contribute to the growing body of knowledge on machine learning applications in traffic safety and provide a foundation for informed decision-making in accident management and prevention.Ultimately, the project's findings offer a nuanced understanding of the capabilities of Random Forest, Decision Tree, SVC, KNN, and Logistic Regression in predicting traffic accident severity.This knowledge empowers stakeholders to adopt data-driven approaches in improving road safety, thereby contributing to the reduction of accident severity and the overall enhancement of traffic management strategies.