Hyperspectral Image Change Detection Based on Gated Spectral–Spatial–Temporal Attention Network With Spectral Similarity Filtering

Abstract

Hyperspectral imaging enables advanced change detection but struggles with extensive redundant data across spatial and spectral dimensions. This bloats model size and computational loads. To address this problem, we propose a new gated spectral–spatial–temporal attention network with spectral similarity filtering (HyGSTAN) with a lightweight yet accurate architectural design. Specifically, our HyGSTAN introduces three innovative modules: 1) spectral similarity filtering to reduce spectral redundancy via cosine similarity; 2) gated spectral-spatial attention to capture intra-image spatial features using single-head weak self-attention and gated mechanisms; and 3) gated spectral–spatial–temporal attention to extract inter-image temporal changes. Experiments on three benchmark datasets demonstrate HyGSTAN's ability to balance accuracy, model complexity, and computational efficiency. The proposed attention mechanisms extract more discriminative information without sacrificing performance. The source code of this work will be released at https://github.com/Welcome-to-LISA/HyGSTAN.