Kinetic and mechanistic way for photocatalytic degradation of pollutants from textile wastewater by graphene oxide supported nanocomposite

Abstract

Textile wastewater is the primary origin of wastewater and exposes tremendous toxicity to the ecosystem. The participation of massive water quantities in the various steps of textile treatment and their free release disrupts the ecological functions of living creatures. A heterogeneous photocatalyst with nontoxicity, strong oxidizing ability, broad scale of pH functionality, stable structure, and low-cost value is highly challenging for the application purpose. Graphene oxide (GO) and semiconductor materials-based composite show high performance in the photocatalytic process for wastewater treatment. The π-π stacking, electrostatic, and hydrogen bonding interaction between graphene and the organic pollutants leads to more pollutant adsorption, reflecting high degradation efficiency. Again, the electron conduction bridge, interfacial mediator, and photosensitizer role of the GO enhances the charge separation efficiency of the reactive species. In such cases, the Z-scheme, S-scheme mechanistic path, and the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROSs) are very important in studying the reason behind the high performance of the composite. This review article discusses the textile toxic wastewater outcome on human wellness, the functionality of the graphene-based material, the wide range of light absorption capability, ROSs generation, the charge recombination process, kinetic and mechanistic pathway, and the advanced technology for a better approach in the future.