Core–Shell ZIF-8@ZIF-67-Derived Cobalt Nanoparticle-Embedded Nanocage Electrocatalyst with Excellent Oxygen Reduction Performance for Zn–Air Batteries

Abstract

Metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts obtained from zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) have great potential in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, based on the same three-dimensional (3D) topological structure of ZIF-67 and ZIF-8, ZIF-67 is grown on the ZIF-8 surface by the epitaxial growth method, and ZIF-8 is used as a sacrificial template to obtain a Co-embedded layered porous carbon nanocage (CoPCN) electrocatalyst. Meanwhile, the self-sacrificing template effectively improves the specific surface area of the porous structure and reduces the depletion of active sites. The CoPCN shows a high half-wave potential of 0.885 V and superior stability as well as excellent methanol resistance. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the Co-N₁-C₂ sites of CoPCN effectively reduce the energy barrier of ORR. In addition, a zinc-air battery (ZAB) based on the CoPCN exhibits excellent peak power density (90 mW cm^-2) and superior cycle performance. This work presents a novel idea in the design of ZIF precursor systems to synthesize efficient ORR catalysts.