Effect of Phyllanthus niruri Extract on Low Density Lipoprotein of Dyslipidemic White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia is a lipid metabolism disorder characterized by elevated levels of total cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Meniran contains tannins, saponins, alkaloids, rutin and quercetin, which have hypolipidemia effect. Objective: This study aimed to observe the effect of meniran extract on the Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) in Wistar rats, compared with simvastatin. Methods: Thirty-five Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) were divided into five groups, then all were induced with American Diet 2 (AD2) high fat modification diet for 60 days, except the control group I. Then during the next 60 days, groups I and II were not given any treatment, group III was given simvastatin 0.8 mg/200 g body weight (BW)/ day, group IV was given meniran extract 50 mg/200 g BW/day and group V was given meniran extract 100 mg/200 g BW/day. Results: Meniran therapy 50 mg/200 g BW/day was better in lowering LDL level than meniran dose 100 mg/200 g BW/day. Meniran therapy, which was significantly (p<0.05) better than simvastatin, was meniran dose of 50 mg/200 g BW/day in lowering LDL.