Second-Life Electric Vehicle Batteries in Residential Solar Storage Applications in Pakistan

Abstract

This paper presents preliminary technical and economical analysis for using second-life batteries, retiring out of electric vehicles, in residential solar storage in Pakistan. To achieve this, an optimal battery control is designed to reduce the electricity costs to a residential user by the use of batteries. The optimal battery control requires day ahead load forecasting of the residential load, which for brevity, we assume is available, and do not present results for. In formulating the optimization problem, and its solution, we make the assumption that second-life batteries cost 50% of the new battery costs. Preliminary results for three cases (a) without PV and battery energy storage, (b) PV only, and (c) PV + optimized battery storage are compared. It is shown that due to a competitive grid feed-in tariff, solar PV installation alone can provide sizable savings for users.