Abstract Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an established technology that provides nearly instantaneous and virtually nondestructive analysis with minimal or no sample preparation and without an ionizing radiation source. This article describes the capabilities of new handheld LIBS systems.
Russell S. HarmonKenneth D. MortonRichard R. HarkJennifer L. GottfriedGerhard WörnerK. S. HarppLeslie M. Collins
Michael E. EssingtonGalina V. MelnichenkoMelanie StewartRobert A. Hull
Brendan ConnorsAndrew SomersDavid R. Day