Adsorption properties of carbon adsorbents based on wood waste

Abstract

This article investigates the adsorption properties of carbon adsorbents obtained from wood waste. The work aimed to study the effect of heat treatment and steam activation on the structure of coal and its ability to adsorb benzene. Electron microscopic, X-ray phase, and IR spectral analyses were carried out to achieve this goal. The results of electron microscopic analysis showed that the grain size of sample FK-600 was smaller than that of other samples. Still, the surface morphology of all solids was characterized by roughness and unevenness. Particularly heterogeneous surface morphology was observed in steam-treated activated carbons, indicating strong oxidation. X-ray phase analysis showed the presence of carbonate and silicon salts of metals in adsorbents obtained at 400 and 600°C. IR spectral analysis made it possible to reveal functional groups on the surface of carbon adsorbents. Thermal treatment and steam activation changed the number and type of functional groups. This work studied the influence of heat treatment and steam activation on the structure of coal and its ability to adsorb benzene. The analysis of adsorption isotherms showed that the adsorbents have a microporous structure and exhibit type I Brunauer isotherms. Experimental data indicate a significant increase in the specific surface area and adsorption volume with increased activation temperature. Heat treatment at higher temperatures and steam activation also contribute to opening additional pores in carbon adsorbents. The results obtained allow a deeper understanding of the interaction of carbon adsorbents with benzene and optimize the processes for obtaining such adsorbents based on wood waste. This is of great practical importance for water and air purification from organic pollutants and may lead to the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly purification methods.