Hydrogen Storage and Purification with Metal-Organic Frameworks

Abstract

Hydrocarbons like petroleum and gasoline produce several products, such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and sulfur oxides that are harmful to the environment and humans when they are combined with oxygen during combustion. For the sustainable growth of people and the environment and to decrease the demand for fossil fuels, the use of renewable resources like hydrogen should be encouraged. Because it is a completely non-toxic, powerful, clean energy source and has a greater combustion range than other fuels hydrogen burns more efficiently. As the demand for hydrogen has increased, scientists have discovered many ways to store and purify it efficiently. However, current technologies and materials for storing and purifying hydrogen still have certain problems, such as low storage efficiency, harsh storage conditions (e.g., temperature and pressure limitations), high production costs for high-purity hydrogen, and many steps and low efficiency. Therefore, in recent years, MOF-based nanomaterials and membrane separation technologies with very high specific surface area and porosity have become hot research topics. This paper focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of using hydrogen as a fuel, the principles and operational steps of metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials and membrane technology used to store and purify hydrogen, and some methods to address the limitations of hydrogen storage.