Regarding the international legal protection of the civilian population during an armed conflict

Abstract

The article analyzes the international regulation of civilian protection during armed conflicts in the light of a large -scale invasion of the Russian Federation into the territory of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. The main international acts for the protection of civilians during the war are defined, first of all, the Geneva Conventions for the Protection of Victims of War. Attention is focused on identifying certain categories of persons who are definitely protected by international law. The article substantiates the need to take precautionary measures to protect civilians, namely checking the objects of attacking them in civilian population, using methods of attack that minimize the risk of accidental losses among civilians, abolition Ecttes, a warning about the possibility of attacks that can harm civilian population, if possible. It is established that women and children are categories that need special protection. The main provisions for the protection of these categories of civilians are defined. The author draws attention to the practice of the European Court of Human Rights concerning the protection of civilians during the war or other armed conflicts. At the same time, the author emphasizes the importance of compliance of court decisions in cases of armed conflicts with the approaches developed in international humanitarian law to ensure adequate protection of human rights. It is concluded that the protection of civilians in the conditions of armed conflict is a task not only of each of the states, but also should be regulated at the international level, which causes the development of new ways of protection. The position on the need for compliance with the court's decisions on the protection of civilians during the war is substantiated by the principles of international humanitarian law, as well as the creation of more effective mechanisms for the protection of civilians during the war.