Channel Estimation for XL-RIS-Aided Millimeter-Wave Systems

Abstract

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is able to enhance the capacity of wireless communication systems with low overhead. Extremely large (XL)-RIS-aided millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication has become a promising key technique for future 6-th Generation (6G) systems. The performance gain brought in by XL-RIS relies on the accurate channel state information (CSI). However, channel estimation requires huge training overhead and high computational complexity due to the XL number of passive elements at RIS. Moreover, the unknown visual region (VR) infomation caused by the sensitivity of mmWave signal to random blockages makes the channel estimation more difficult. In this paper, we consider the channel estmation for XL-RIS-aided mmWave uplink system. We firstly model the XL-RIS-aided channel as a hybrid one composed of near-field RIS-to-user channel and far-field RIS-to-base station (BS) channel, where the VR issue of XL-RIS has been taken into consideration. Then we formulate the channel estimation problem as a sparse recovery problem. To solve this problem, we propose a two-stage algorithm for joint channel estimation and VR detection. Finally numerical results show that the proposed algorithms outperform the existing benchmark schemes in terms of normalized mean-squared error (NMSE) due to the VR detection and the utilization of shift common-support property among sub-channels.