Lenvatinib Induces Immunogenic Cell Death and Triggers Toll-Like Receptor-3/4 Ligands in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Cheng ZhouZhangfu YangBao‐Ye SunYong YiZheng WangJian ZhouJia FanWei GanNing RenShuang‐Jian Qiu
Abstract
Our study revealed that lenvatinib induced ICD in hepatocellular carcinoma and upregulated PD-L1 expression through TLR4 while promoting cell apoptosis through TLR3. Antibodies against PD-1/PD-L1 can enhance the efficacy of lenvatinib in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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