Adaptive Graph-Learning Convolutional Network for Multi-Node Offshore Wind Speed Forecasting

Abstract

Multi-node wind speed forecasting is greatly important for offshore wind power. It is a challenging task due to unknown complex spatial dependencies. Recently, graph neural networks (GNN) have been applied to wind forecasting because of their capability in modeling dependencies. However, existing methods usually require a pre-defined graph structure, which is not optimal for the downstream task and limits the application scope of GNN. In this paper, we propose adaptive graph-learning convolutional networks (AGLCN) that can automatically infer hidden associations among multi-nodes through a graph-learning module. It simultaneously integrates the temporal and graph convolutional modules to capture temporal and spatial features in the data. Experiments are conducted on real-world multi-node wind speed data from the China Sea. The results show that our model achieves state-of-the-art results in all multi-scale wind speed predictions. Moreover, the learned graph can reveal spatial correlations from a data-driven perspective.