Self-Powered Multifunctional Organic Hydrogel Based on Poly(acrylic acid-N-isopropylacrylamide) for Flexible Sensing Devices

Abstract

Human-machine interactions, medical monitoring, and flexible robots stimulate interest in hydrogel sensing devices. However, developing hydrogel sensors with multifunctions such as good mechanics, electroconductivity, resistance to solvent volatility as well as freezing, self-adhesion, and independence on external power supply remains a challenge. In the work, a poly(acrylic acid-N-isopropylacrylamide) P(AA-NIPAm) organic hydrogel loading LiCl is prepared by ultraviolet cross-linking in ethylene glycol/H2O. The organic hydrogel exhibits favorable mechanical properties such as an elongation of break at 700% and a breaking strength of 20 KPa, can adhere to various substrates, and resists frost and solvent volatility. Especially, it possesses an excellent conductivity of 8.51 S/m. The organic hydrogel shows wide strain sensitivity based on resistance change, and the gauge factor reaches 5.84 in the range of 300-700%. It has short responsive and recuperative time and is still stable within 1000 rounds. Moreover, the organic hydrogel is also assembled into a self-powered device in which the open-circuit voltage is 0.74 V. The device can transform external stimuli such as stretching or compressing into the output current change, so it detects human motion effectively in real time. The work provides a perspective for electrical sensing engineering.