Fast, Resilient, and Cybersecure Algorithm in Distributed MPC Controller for Inverter-Based Islanded Microgrids

Abstract

This paper presents a novel detection and clarifying algorithm to enhance the resiliency of islanded microgrids against cyber-attacks. The attack type is false data injection (FDI), attacking the decision-making unit of the controlling system. To control these inverter-based resources (IBRs) we use hybrid control, including a proportional-integral (PI) Controller in the primary and model predictive control (MPC) in the secondary control unit of these IBRs. To detect and clarify the cyber-attack, firstly we calculate the residual value. In order to do that we use the difference between the predicted value of frequency and voltage, which was predicted by the MPC interior model in the previous step, and the measured value in the next step. a non-zero residual value reveals an unpredicted change in microgrids such as cyber-attacks. In the following, two additional parts of the algorithm are proposed to identify the frequency, voltage, and active or reactive false data. In the first part of the algorithm, we compare measured and calculated active and reactive power in receiver units. In the following part of the algorithm, we use the power change synchronization between IBRs, which is dictated by droop characterization.