In₂O₃/MoS₂/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanostructure as Composite Electrodes for Supercapacitors

Abstract

In this study, a novel reduced graphene oxide, indium (III) oxide, and molybdenum disulfide (rGO/In 2 O 3 /MoS 2 ) ternary composite for supercapacitor electrode application was developed via green hydrothermal synthesis. The topography, surface morphology, crystalline structure, phase identification and molecular structure of the composites were examined by applying Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD), X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman Spectroscopy. SEM and TEM reveal the uniform dispersion of In 2 O 3 nanoparticles on the rGO and MoS 2 sheets. EDX, XRD, and XPS analysis confirm the coexistences of rGO, In 2 O 3 , and MoS 2 , and hence the composite formation. The electrochemical performances of rGO/In 2 O 3 /MoS 2 ternary composite were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in two-electrode configuration in 1 M sodium sulfite (Na 2 SO 3 ) aqueous electrolyte. The electrochemical results show that the rGO/In 2 O 3 /MoS 2 composite electrodes possess improved specific capacitance of 77 F/g at a scan rate of 25 mV/s, a modest 29% enhancement over pure In 2 O 3 and In 2 O 3 /MoS 2 binary composite.