Indigenous People

Abstract

Planning was and still is a critical actor and principal structure in the colonization and dispossession of Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand. In this chapter, one tribal group's (Ngāti Whātau Ōrākei) experiences in engaging with the settler-colonial government and its planning regime in the city of Auckland (Tāmaki Makaurau) is traced from its origins in the 19th century through the present. The chapter begins by chartering how Ngāti Whātua initially supported the establishment of the city and the settler-government's policies. However, as the tribe was dispossessed of their lands, they increasingly challenged and resisted colonial intrusions and demanded that their sovereignty and agency be recognized and protected. Next, the chapter provides insights into how the growth and maturation of Auckland as a city involved the introduction of government policies and planning practices that aimed to culturally assimilate Māori into White (European) culture. Then, the chapter provides insights into mounting Māori protests against further acts of dispossession and the re-emergence of Māori rights following legal settlements with the New Zealand Government. Lastly, the chapter reviews the opportunities and challenges that Māori face in seeking to exercise their knowledge, values and sovereignty within 21st century planning practices.