JOURNAL ARTICLE

Deforestation in Costa Rica: A Quantitative Analysis Using Remote Sensing Imagery1

Abstract

ABSTRACT Accurate estimates of forest cover and forest fragmentation are critical for developing countries such as Costa Rica, which holds four to five percent of the world's plant and bird species. We estimated forest cover for Costa Rica using Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper satellite scenes acquired between 1986 and 1991. In 1991, 29 percent ( ca 14,000 km 2 ) of the land cover of Costa Rica was closed forest cover; of that forested area, ca 30 percent is protected by national conservation policies. Forest loss in a study area representing ca 50 percent of Costa Rica's territory during a five‐year period (1986–1991) was 2250 km 2 , and the estimated deforestation rate was ca 450 km 2 /yr, or ca 4.2 percent/yr, of remaining forest cover. Forests are almost completely eliminated from the Tropical Moist Forest and Premontane Moist Forest life zones, and the level of fragmentation of remaining forests may be more advanced than previously thought. RESUMES La obtención de estimaciones precisas de la cobertura forestal y su nivel de fragmentación es crítica para la conservatión de la biodiversidad. Costa Rica contiene en su territorio nacional entre el cuatro y cinco por ciento de todas las especies de plantas y aves del mundo. Este estudio provee una estimatión precisa de la cobertura nacional forestal del país y su distribution a nivel ecológico basada en imágenes de satélite adquiridas entre 1986 y 1991 por el Trazador Temático Landsat 5. Para 1991, el país tenía una cobertura forestal de bosque perennifolio del 29 por ciento (ca 14,000 km2); el 71 por ciento de este bosque carecía de protectión mientras que el 29 por ciento restante está protegido por el Sistema Nacional de áreas de Conservación. La pérdida total de bosque en el area de estudio, durante un periodo de cinco años (1986‐1991) y la cual representa ca 50 por ciento del territorio nacional, rue de 2250 km2. La tasa de deforestatión estimada es de ca 450 km2 por año, o ca 4.2 por ciento anual. El proceso de deforestatión tropical ha eliminado casi completamente los bosques húmedo tropical y húmedo premontano del país. Los resultados de este trabajo sugieren que el nivel de fragmentación de los bosques costarricenses puede ser mas grande de lo que se habiá pensado.

Keywords:
Thematic Mapper Geography Forestry Deforestation (computer science) Forest cover Forest fragmentation Fragmentation (computing) Land cover Physical geography Satellite imagery Ecology Remote sensing Land use Biodiversity Biology

Metrics

118
Cited By
3.49
FWCI (Field Weighted Citation Impact)
16
Refs
0.93
Citation Normalized Percentile
Is in top 1%
Is in top 10%

Citation History

Topics

Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
Physical Sciences →  Environmental Science →  Global and Planetary Change
Land Use and Ecosystem Services
Physical Sciences →  Environmental Science →  Global and Planetary Change
Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
Physical Sciences →  Environmental Science →  Nature and Landscape Conservation

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